Glomerulonephritis
When the glomeruli, the filtering cells of the kidneys, sustain damage, it results in a condition known as glomerular disease. The glomeruli serve as the kidneys’ cleaning systems, comprising a microscopic network of blood vessels responsible for filtering waste and eliminating excess fluid from the blood.
Glomerular disease manifests as impaired glomeruli that fail to function properly. While various conditions can lead to glomerular disease, diabetes-related nephropathy stands as the most prevalent cause. Two general terms are commonly used to describe a range of glomerular damage.
Glomerular Disease Symptoms
The list of glomerular disease symptoms and signs is as follows:
- Urine that is foamy (proteinuria, the presence of protein in the urine).
- Urine that is pink or light brown indicates hematuria, or blood in the urine
- Swelling in your hands, feet, or ankles (particularly at the end of the day), or in your face or around your eyes (especially in the morning). We refer to this swelling as edema.
- Hypertension (High blood pressure)
Glomerular Disease Causes and Treatment
Glomerular disease can be caused by a wide variety of illnesses. To prevent further kidney damage, the treatment’s primary goal is to address the underlying cause. The list of conditions that might result in glomerular diseases and the available treatments is provided below:
Autoimmune Diseases
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Causes lupus nephritis, treated with immunosuppressants and corticosteroids.
- Goodpasture’s Syndrome: Affects kidneys and lungs, treated with immunosuppressive drugs and plasmapheresis.
- IgA Nephropathy: Deposits of immunoglobulin A cause inflammation in glomeruli.
Other Causes
- Alport Syndrome: Hereditary disorder causing chronic glomerular disease, treated with blood pressure-lowering drugs.
- Glomerulosclerosis: Glomeruli scarring, often due to lupus or diabetes.
- Diabetic Nephropathy: Main cause of glomerular disease, treated with lifestyle changes and blood pressure medications.
Frequently Ask Questions(FAQ's)
Glomerulonephritis is a group of kidney diseases characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli, the filtering units of the kidneys.
Symptoms may include blood in the urine, foamy urine, swelling in the face, hands, or feet, and high blood pressure.
Glomerulonephritis can be caused by infections, autoimmune diseases, genetic disorders, or reactions to medications.
Diagnosis involves urine tests, blood tests, imaging scans, and kidney biopsy. Treatment may include medications to reduce inflammation and control blood pressure.
The outlook depends on the cause and severity of the condition. With proper treatment and management, many patients can achieve remission and preserve kidney function. Regular follow-up care is essential.