Hypertension
Blood pressure is the force exerted by blood against the walls of major arteries in the body. When this pressure becomes excessively high, it is termed hypertension.
Blood pressure is represented by two numbers: the first (systolic) number indicates pressure during heartbeats, while the second (diastolic) number represents pressure during the heart’s resting phase.
Hypertension is diagnosed when blood pressure readings consistently show systolic values ≥140 mmHg and diastolic values ≥90 mmHg on two separate occasions.
Risk factors for Hypertension include
- Modifiable factors such as unhealthy diets (high in trans and saturated fats, low in fruits and vegetables, excessive salt intake), physical inactivity, alcohol and tobacco use, and being overweight or obese.
- Non-modifiable factors like age over 65, a family history of hypertension, and co-existing conditions such as diabetes or kidney disease.
Typical signs of Hypertension may include
- Often referred to as the “silent killer” because it may not present any warning signs or symptoms, necessitating regular blood pressure checks.
- When symptoms do occur, they may manifest as morning headaches, nosebleeds, irregular heartbeats, changes in eyesight, and ringing in the ears. Severe hypertension may present with fatigue, nausea, vomiting, disorientation, anxiety, chest pain, and muscle tremors.
Frequently Ask Questions(FAQ's)
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a condition where the force of blood against the artery walls is consistently too high.
Hypertension can be caused by factors such as genetics, unhealthy lifestyle habits, stress, and certain medical conditions.
Hypertension is often asymptomatic, but in some cases, it may cause headaches, dizziness, or nosebleeds.
Diagnosis involves measuring blood pressure during routine check-ups. Management may include lifestyle changes (like diet and exercise) and medications to lower blood pressure.
Untreated hypertension can lead to serious complications, including heart attack, stroke, kidney failure, and vision problems. Regular monitoring and treatment are essential for controlling blood pressure and preventing complications.