Diabetic Kidney Disease (Diabetic Nephropathy)
Diabetic nephropathy, also referred to as diabetes kidney disease, presents a significant risk for individuals with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. This condition directly impacts the kidneys’ ability to effectively eliminate waste materials and excess fluids from the body. However, adopting a healthy lifestyle and diligently managing diabetes and high blood pressure can help prevent or mitigate its onset.
The gradual impairment of the kidneys’ sensitive filtration system characterizes diabetic nephropathy, a condition that typically progresses slowly. Early detection and proper treatment have demonstrated effectiveness in halting or slowing down its advancement, thus reducing the likelihood of complications.
Untreated, diabetic nephropathy can escalate to end-stage renal disease, commonly referred to as kidney failure, posing a grave health risk. Dialysis and kidney transplants stand as the available treatments for renal failure, emphasizing the critical importance of timely and effective intervention.
Understanding the Disease and Its Stages
The stages of kidney disease are classified depending on the GFR, which indicates the percentage of normal kidney functioning.
- Stage 1: Kidney damage is present but kidneys function normally with a GFR of 90% or above.
- Stage 2: A GFR of 60-89% and kidney damage with some loss of function
- Stage 3: A GFR of 30-59% and mild to severe loss of function
- Stage 4: A GFR of 15-29% and severe loss of function
- Stage 5: A GFR less than 15% and kidney failure
Symptoms, Treatment, and Diet Management
Deteriorating blood pressure
Presence of protein in urine
Swollen feet, ankles, hands or eyes
Frequent urination
Less need for insulin or diabetic medications
Difficulty concentrating or confusion
Nausea and Vomiting
Chronic Itching
Fatigue
Reduced appetite
Difficulty in breathing
Frequently Ask Questions(FAQ's)
DKD is a complication of diabetes where high blood sugar levels damage the kidneys over time, leading to kidney dysfunction.
Symptoms may include swelling in the legs, frequent urination, fatigue, and high blood pressure, although some individuals may not experience any symptoms.
Diagnosis involves urine and blood tests, along with monitoring kidney function. Management includes controlling blood sugar levels, blood pressure, and lifestyle modifications.
Risk factors include poorly controlled diabetes, high blood pressure, smoking, and a family history of kidney disease.
Complications may include kidney failure, cardiovascular disease, nerve damage, and eye problems. Regular monitoring and early intervention are crucial to prevent complications.